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Planning permissions may include conditions intended to reduce noise nuisance, and the building regulations part E sets minimum standards for design and construction in relation to the resistance to the passage of sound. The local topography, the location of buildings, their orientation and construction should be planned strategically to minimise the potential impact of noise disturbance, either on the development, between different parts of the development or caused by the development. The noise profile of an area should be considered when designing and constructing buildings. However, greater awareness in planning and improved standards of construction can help mitigate potential noise problems. Noise disturbance has become a more common problem as a result of industrialisation, urbanisation and the rapid increase in the number of household appliances, devices, equipment and alarms. Vibrations induced by some sound waves can cause structural damage to buildings.Social impacts such as sickness or absenteeism.Economic impacts such as decreasing property value and loss of productivity.Increased blood pressure or stress levels.Eardrum damage or hearing difficulties.Noise pollution can potentially contribute to: Neighbourhood noise – which includes noise arising from industrial and entertainment premises, trade and businesses, construction sites and noise in the street.Neighbour noise – which includes noise from inside and outside buildings.Environmental noise – which includes noise from transportation sources.The Noise Policy Statement for England (NPSE) define noise pollution as: The general sensitivity of individuals.People tend to be more sensitive to noise at night, when they may be trying to sleep and there is likely to be less background noise. For example speech is more likely to be disturbing than noise containing less information. High and low pitches tend to be more disturbing than middle frequencies. The degree of disturbance caused by noise depends on properties such as: Significant observed adverse effect level – there can be significant effects on health and quality of life.Lowest observed effect level – adverse effects on health and the quality of life can be detected.No observed effect level – the level of noise exposure where there is no effect on health or the quality of life.The government defines three levels of noise: Noise nuisance is excessive noise or disturbance that may have a negative effect on health or the quality of life.